Quadrant pilot for pot type oil burners



Jan.`25, M. n. Hus'roN 2,469,933

QUADRANT PILOT FOR POT TYPE OIL BURNERS 'Filed Nay l1, 1942 PatentedJan. 25, 1949 2,460,013 QUADRANT PILOT Foa Por TYPE om BURNERs e MiltonD. Huston, Chicago, Ill., assignor, by mesne assignments, to BreeseBurners, Inc., Santa Fe, N. Mex., a corporation of Delaware ApplicationMay 11, 1942, Serial No. @12,425 v 2 Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in pilot devices for pot typeburners and hasfor one purpose the provision of an improved device vformaintaining a low or pilot flame in a pot type.

Another purpose is the provision of improvedpilot means for surroundingthe fuelv inlet aperture or nozzle.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of thespecification. I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammaticallyin the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l is a vertical axial section;

Fig. 2 is a partial section on the line 2--2 of Fig.'1;

Fig. 3 is a partial section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; and f Fig. 4 is adetail.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specificationand drawings. y

Referring to the drawings, I indicates any suitable heater outer housingor drum, herein illustrated as being mounted on legs 2, which provideair inlet spaces 3. 4 is a bottom partition having a centrall air inletaperture 5 whereby the atmospheric air which passes through the spaces 3may enter the space within the housing. 6 is a supporting angle ringmounted intermediate top and bottom of the housing, centrally aperturedto receive the top flange 8 of a burner pot 1. The burner pot is shownas having an upwardly concave bottom 9 adapted to receive fuel from thepipe I from any suitable source of liquid fuel not herein shown.

Any suitable means may be employed for varying the ow of liquid fuelinwardly along the pipe Ill.- Since such means are well known, they arenot herein illustrated in detail, but it is understood that the volumeor rate of iiow of fuel admitted along the fuel pipe I0 may be manuallyor thermostatically controlled to provide a relatively small ow of fuelat the pilot stage and a larger iiow of fuel when the heating demandrises.

The upper space within the housing l above the ring 6 serves asa'combustion chamber. The open top of the pot 1 may be closed by anysuitable ame ring Il, with a central aperture I2. The wall of the pot 1is provided with a plurality of primary air inlet apertures I3, locatedat various tilted. Any suitable means may be employed for admittingsecondary air at or adjacent the top of the pot. I illustrate forexample a row of secondary air inlets I4, which are more closely spacedthan the inlets I3 and preferably upwardly tilted.

It will be understood that the entire fuel supply is delivered to thebottom 9 of the pot along the pipe Ill. Surrounding the area ofadmission of the fuel I provide a pilot piece which I m.. A i-.al aquadrant, generally indicated as I5 arfiincluding a pair of generallyradial inwardly converging vertical Walls I6, which may be cut away attop and at bottom, as at I1, I8, to provide apertures I 9 and 20,respectively.

I nd it preferablevto provide a cover 2l for the top of thek pilotpiece, the cover 2| being cut away at `its inner corner, as at 22. I ndit con venient to employ an arcuate edge, although th: form of the edgemay, if desired, be varie-ci, i' may provide any suitable means forpcsitionlng the quadrant, or pilot piece, in place. I illustrate forexample inwardly extending pins 23. Aligned with and engaging these pins23 I may employ outwardly extending and preferably yielding or springyportions 24, on the side walls I6, whereby the pilot piece is located inposition but may readily be removed. Preferably the lower edges of thewalls I6 fit snuglyalong the bottom of the pot 9.

While I have described the walls I 6 as generally radial, they converge,as a matter of fact, a little short of the center of the pot. The spacewithin the pilot piece is provided with 'air through the normal primaryair inlet apertures I3. I may, if desired, add additional air inletapertures, as at I3a., to increase the supply of air within the pilotpiece, but this is not generally necessary.

Also, the apertures within the pilot piece or quadrant may be somewhatlarger, if necessary, than the apertures located in the portion of thepot not opposed to the quadrant. Regardless of the number or size of theapertures employed, however,'the air admitted to the space Within thequadrant is suflicient in volume to provide the primary air necessaryfor forming a primary mixture with the vaporized hydrocarbon. The fuelis vaporized by the heat of combustion already going on, and when only apilot ow is maintained, all of the hydrocarbon will be vaporized beforeany of it can flow out of the bottom aperture I8 of the pilot piece.Complete vaporization takes place within the quadrant, and the primarymixture burns at the bottom of the burner at or va rate of flow of fuelwhich will cause a considerable jet of flame to pass from the aperture`I1 across the bottom of the pot, thus keeping the pot bottom heated.Under thosel circumstances, when the rate of flow is increased, the potbottom is already hot, and vaporization oi the liquid fuel throughoutthe pot bottom is very rapidly initiated.

It is advantageous, if not necessary,'-to direct some of the air withinthe quadrant downwardly toward the bottom of the pot. The lowest row ofholes I3 being downwardly tipped, there 'is a convergence of air fromthese holes adjacent the aperture I1. The primary air inlet apertureswithin the quadrant provide al1 of the primary air necessary forcombustion, and the mixture picks up the necessary secondary air as itpasses outwardly through the apertures I1 and 20, and fullV combustiontakes place outside of the quadrant. y It would be possible under somecircumstances` to maintain combustion within the quadrant, especiallywhere a very low rate of iiow is maintained. In that case the lower rowof holesmay provide the primary air, and the upper row the secondaryair. However, -the desirable condition is a maintenance of a jet offlame extending outwardly across the bottom of the pot from the apertureI9.

It will be realized that, whereas I have described and illustrated apractical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made inthe size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departingY fromthe spirit of my invention. 'I therefore wish that my description anddrawings be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic,rather than as a limitation to my precise showing. For example, theshape'of the quadrant may be widely changed. It is advaritageclus,lhowever, to form the quadrant of converging walls and to have the wallsdefine an aperture or apertures preferably including an aperture at thebottom of the pot, from which aperture the jet of pilot flame may extendacross the bottom of the pot to maintain the bottom ofv the pot properlyheated.

I claim: 1. In combination, an open topped burner pot vhaving acircumferential Wall provided with a plurality of primary air inletapertures located at various levels in the wall, means for deliveringsecondary air to the mixture of primary air and vaporized fuel movingupwardly through the pot and a pilot housing surrounding the area ofadmission of the fuel to the pot and defining a space in communicationwith a plurality of the lower primary air inlet apertures of the pot,said housing including a pair of generally upright side walls, extendinginwardly from the circumferential pot wall and meeting at their inneredges, and a cover portion located below the level of the highest of theprimary air inlet apertures and below the level of admission ofsecondary airY to the mixture, the edges of the side walls adjacenttheir juncture and adjacent the bottom ofthe pot, deiining a iiameaperture in communication with the interior of the pot, and means fordelivering liquid fuel to the pot at a point enclosed by said pilothousing.

2. In combination, an open topped burner pot having a circumferentialwall provided with a plurality of primary air inlet apertures located atvarious levels in the wall, means for delivering secondary air to themixture of primary air and vaporized fuel moving upwardly through thepot and a pilot housing surrounding the area of admission of the fuel tothe pot and deilning a space in communication with a plurality of thelower primary air inlet apertures of the pot, said housing including apair of generally upright side walls, extending inwardly from theclrcumfer-r ential pot wall and meeting at their inner edges, and acover portion located below the level of the highest of the primary airinlet apertures and below the level of admission of secondary air to themixture, the edges of the side walls adjacent their juncture andadjacent the bottom of the pot, dening a flame aperture in communicationwith the interior of the pot, and also deiining, adjacent theirjunction'with each other and with the cover portion, a second dameaperture incommunication with the interior of the pot, and means fordelivering liquid fuel to the pot at a point enclosed by said pilothousing.

' MILTON D. HUSTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS France May 24, 1937

